CRTA+ monitors the democracy area of the Reform agenda.


This monitoring highlights the gap between reforms defined on paper and their implementation in practice, as well as whether they deliver tangible benefits for citizens.
Reform and Growth Facility

3/98
Steps achieved it total



Fundamentals and Rule of Law Policy Area
1/21
Steps achieved
1 out of 21 steps achieved in the Fundamentals and Rule of Law policy area.
Released funds

167 ml / 1,6 bn

Funds released based on the fulfilled conditions.

Source: European Commission scoreboard, last updated 29.05.2026.
reform-monitor.org

July

In July 2026, two European Commission documents assessed Serbia within two weeks of each other, in strikingly different tones. The Cluster 3 non-paper of 3 July credited Serbia with sufficient progress to justify opening its accession negotiations, while the annual Rule of Law report of 17 July, an evidence-based assessment, documented persistent political pressure and a broader democratic and rule-of-law deterioration. Much of what the report records - civil society under pressure, the safety of journalists, protest-related abuses - is absent from the non-paper, which presents self-inflicted, partly repaired backsliding as progress.

In May 2026, the Agency for the Prevention of Corruption prepared draft amendments to the Law on Prevention of Corruption, aimed at separating the exercise of public office from election campaigning and preventing the misuse of public office and public resources, implementing several ODIHR and GRECO recommendations. CRTA sees a step forward - notably on social media and limits on officials' campaigning - but warns that several provisions remain insufficiently precise, particularly the definition of a public official, random-sample monitoring, and the asset-declaration rules. The draft has not yet entered parliamentary procedure.

On 20 July 2026, the REM Council held its constitutive session but failed to elect a president: the two candidates, Miloš Garić and Mileva Malešić, received the same number of votes. Until a president is elected, the Council's oldest member, Dubravka Valić Nedeljković, chairs its sessions - and, as she noted, the Council cannot begin resolving REM's substantive issues until a president and deputy are in place. She expects that at the next session, by the end of the month. The Council remains incomplete, without its ninth, minority-nominated member, and faces a heavy backlog.

Reform Agenda - Fundamentals: Democracy

Under the Reform Agenda, Serbia committed to implementing two Composite Steps within the area of Fundamentals: Democracy, with clearly defined deadlines - December 2024 for the first step and December 2025 for the second. These commitments and deadlines were not externally imposed; they were undertaken by the Serbian authorities as part of their own reform roadmap.

Neither deadline was met. None of the key reforms envisaged under these Composite Steps have been fully implemented. Some processes were formally launched but left incomplete or failed in the process; others did not move beyond declarative or procedural stages. More importantly, the principles explicitly identified in the Reform Agenda - ensuring public trust, proactively addressing systemic problems, maintaining transparent processes, and providing timely information - have not been upheld.

Instead of strengthening electoral integrity and institutional accountability, the reform trajectory has produced limited procedural activity without substantive results. In doing so, it has not only failed to deliver reform, but has further undermined public confidence in the credibility of the process itself.

First Composite Step (due by December 2024)

(subject to ODIHR assessment as the verification mechanism)
  • Working Group composed in accordance with the ODIHR recommendation. This would mean that the inter-agency Working Group on Co-ordination and Follow-up of the Implementation of Recommendations for the Improvement of the Electoral Process should act in full transparency, with the inclusion of relevant stakeholders, such as civil society organizations.
  • A meaningful audit of the voter register completed in accordance with ODIHR recommendations. This step means the establishment of the Commission which will oversee and control the voter register. The Commission should include representatives of the opposition, as well as relevant civil society organizations. The implementation of this recommendation should be recognized/verified by ODIHR.
  • REM Council re-elected (in line with the Law on Electronic Media) in a transparent and inclusive process. A clear explanation of this step is given in the relevant law.
Brief
Venice Commission on Mrdić’s judicial laws
Under EU pressure, the Government moves to reverse course - VC approved proposals, but 2 recommendat...
Brief
Proposed amendments to the public broadcasting law tighten political control and leave key reforms unfinished
The draft amendments to the Law on public media services introduce some formal improvements but fail...
Brief
Draft amendments to the electronic media law offer cosmetic fixes and leave regulatory independence unaddressed
The draft amendments to the Law on electronic media enter parliament in May 2025 without prior publi...
Serbian Parliament
Brief
Amendments to Key Judicial Laws: Systemic Changes Without Public Consultation
On 28 January 2026, the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted a set of five laws intro...

Second Composite Step (due by December 2025)

  • Relevant legislation to address ODIHR and Council of Europe key recommendations revised and adopted. The indicative list of laws subject to final approval of the Working Group includes amendments to the following laws: Law on the Election of Members of Parliament, Law on Local Elections, Law on the Constitutional Court, Law on the Prevention of Corruption, and the Law on Financing Political Activities.
  • Improved capacities of the Republic Electoral Commission and granting it its own Secretariat. Achieving this step would mean that the Secretariat is established by the decision of the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia.
Brief
Venice Commission on Mrdić’s judicial laws
Under EU pressure, the Government moves to reverse course - VC approved proposals, but 2 recommendat...
Brief
Proposed amendments to the public broadcasting law tighten political control and leave key reforms unfinished
The draft amendments to the Law on public media services introduce some formal improvements but fail...
Brief
Draft amendments to the electronic media law offer cosmetic fixes and leave regulatory independence unaddressed
The draft amendments to the Law on electronic media enter parliament in May 2025 without prior publi...
Serbian Parliament
Brief
Amendments to Key Judicial Laws: Systemic Changes Without Public Consultation
On 28 January 2026, the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted a set of five laws intro...

Updates

CRTA.Plus is part of CRTA’s work to document developments related to democracy, the rule of law, and accountability in Serbia.
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